Night Essays (406 words) - Holocaust Literature, Night, Literature

Night During extreme times a person can survive. One could look at NIGHT by Elie Wiesel. We can see many different people in the book fighting to survive. By examining Elie and his father one can see details of people fighting to survive. The book NIGHT shows that a person can survive extreme conditions. For example Elie ran 42 miles in one night without stopping. This shows one can push themselves just with the thought of living, even most athletes would have trouble running this far. This also shows that something horrible could make someone stronger. At another time in the book Elie watched his father being beaten. This shows that even though a loved one is being hurt Elie still thinks about survival, because he knows that if he intervened he would have been hurt or even worse killed. This also shows that one can drop into a robot like state to stop his emotions, because if he felt sad or cried he might have been harmed. For example Elies father was a 50-year-old man and he survived for over 3 years in the concentration camps. This shows that even an older person can fight to survive now days being 50 and still doing things isn't that big a thing but back then there had not been that many medical advancements. This also shows that someone can push themselves beyond normal limits of human strength. At another time Elies father was beaten and he didn't fight back. This shows that Elies father was strong enough to be beaten but a metal bar was striking him and a normal person wouldn't have been able to put up with that but since Elies father was thinking about surviving so he was stronger. This also shows that even though Elies father wanted to fight back (there's no actual evidence of this but who wouldn't want to fight back?) He didn't because he knew that he would have been killed if he fought back so by thinking about survival he knew he had to be beaten. During extreme times a person can push themselves to live. In everyday life people take hundreds of things for granite but when Elie was put into the concentration camps he had everything taken away from him. From the book one can see how to treasure the simple things in life. The book night showed many ways people survive Elie survived the concentration camps and reading his story shows his hardships and Elies father even though he didn't survive he still showed how a older man would fight to survive.

courbet essays

courbet essays Max Buchon was a friend of Gustave Courbet. Max wrote an essay to publicize Courbets painting of the stonebreakers and a burial at Ornan. He wrote about the two paintings, what he thought about them and what the author thought about them. He also talked about how these paintings were so very realistic in the way the showed the bourgeoisie life. He also argued about Courbet not being a socialist as people thought he was. He showed why he thought that, and what Courbet really intended to do. Buchon starts off by talking about the stonebreakers painting. He says that the painting represents two life-like figures alpha and the omega. He describes the characters of the painting as that poor worker you know. He calls the kid in the picture stupid because misery often leads too stupidity. After describing the child, he describes the old man in the picture. Saying that he is good and a hard worker that probably gives a puff of his smoke to strangers he meets. He describes how good he is because of experience, but also how tired he gets because of his old age. How he works even in holidays to earn money to eat by paving the road for mankind passing by. Buchon seems disturbed by the thought of the stonebreakers not being part of the artist imagination, but actually real people that he sees every day. Then he goes to talk about what he calls Courbets principal work of the year; a burial at Ornans. Max seems fascinated by the amount of work put in by the artist for a burial at Ornans. He tells us how big it is and life like it is because he has seen those people in Ornans. He says they are wearing traditional outfits and that there are many people in the painting but you still have to look at the gravedigger. Again Buchon is concerned with the poorest of the working class. He talks about how the digger is on his knees waiting for the coffin. He says that the gravedig...

Sex Trafficking Of Women in the United States (New York Metro Area) Research Paper

Sex Trafficking Of Women in the United States (New York Metro Area) - Research Paper Example Each year, numerous individuals inadvertently fall for the traffickers’ hands, either in their local regions, or while abroad. The United Nations, through their protocol for the prevention, suppression, and the punishing of trafficking offenders, describes human trafficking aptly. It refers to the act as the conscription, transmission, harboring, or receipt of individuals, through using force, fraud, or deception, in order to exploit them by giving others control over them in return for fiscal gains. It defines exploitation as, at the least, to include the mistreatment of the prostitution of the individuals, forced toil, slavery, and related practices. Thesis statement: this paper seeks to explore the situation regarding the women trafficking for sexual purposes in the New York City in America, and the steps that the relevant administrations are implementing in order to combat the vice. Definition Human trafficking is one of the main predicaments in America as in many other co untries. Human being trafficking is defined as trafficking people from one nation to another, or also from region to region, and even from residence to residence. Trafficking in personnel is the current type of slavery (Miko 1). This offense involves sufferers who are compelled to toil, or are exploited for sexual purposes. ... A number of them are bodily forced, while others fall to false promises that include promises of improved occupations or marriages (Kathyrin 59). The act whereby citizens get transported to go to engage in forced employment in other regions is termed as employment trafficking. In labor-related trafficking, the employers exploit the people that get compelled to go to toil for them. Immigrants are one kind of the clusters that get forced to embark on such types of work, while others are just common people. The females, including women and teenage girls, are made household servants, and are frequently sexually maltreated. Forced labor is a variety of human trafficking, and can be harder to spot and estimate. It is usually harder to deal with than normal sex trafficking, despite the fact that it deals with the identical kinds of maltreatment that sex trafficking entails (Miko 1). The perpetrators Through the use of negotiators and brokers who organize the travel and employment placements , women are accompanied to their destinations and taken to the employers. On arriving at their destinations, a number of the women discover that they have been misled about the type of the work they will embark on. Most have been ill-advised about the fiscal arrangements and terms of their employment. Inevitably, all of them find themselves in forced and abusive circumstances from which flight is both difficult and hazardous. The main reason of a woman or a girl to agree to an offer from a trafficker is enhanced monetary opportunities for herself or her folks (Miko 2). In numerous cases traffickers primarily proffer ‘legitimate’ work or the pledge of an opportunity to learn. The main kinds of work offered are in the food

Final exam Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Final exam - Assignment Example Temin, further, argues against the efficiency of slave farming; as they argued that slaves were more efficient as compared to free white farmers (Temin et al. 739-783). a). Business unionism refers to trade-consciousness, where there is advocating for simple and pure trade-based union formation, as opposed to revolutionary or class-based union formation. In this case, the business unions are run like business ventures. On the other hand, class-conscious unionism refers to the labor unionization efforts that identify the class struggle existing between the different levels of the employees within the labor category (Fusfeld 3-23). b). Fusfeld talks of the period before 1918, as a time when labor radicalism and demand for changes was repressed by employers, working cooperatively with state and local governments – as well as court authorities. In other cases the national government came in to repress the attempts to bring about social change to the capitalistic model (Fusfeld 3-23). c). The new relationships between capitalist and workers become characteristic with class lines, where the workers were not asking for favors from the capitalistic model, but worked squarely on the basis of the class struggle. Here, the workers defiantly challenged the capitalist class – as a result of the awakening, to pursue class and better victory and living standards (Fusfeld 3-23). d). Engagement in unionization fosters political association on the basis of class – where it increases the workers’ political engagement, as well as the development of a distinctive work-based character. As a result, the erosion of unions leads to a decline in working class-based politics (Fusfeld 3-23). a).The institutionalist approach to looking at economics, places the focus on comprehending the role of the progressive process and the effect of organizations in influencing economic behavior. The approach views institutions in a

Portfolio Management Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Portfolio Management Plan - Essay Example Any external or internal factor of communication or dealings may allow the employee to be distracted from the current task assigned. The performance of the organization would be affected if Employee Y is distracted with multiple tasks. Employee needs to work upon the emotions and be engaged to the task assigned. Employee Z needs to be strictly monitored as it has been observed that he does not have a good ethical background and has the potential of violating the rules and regulations of the organization. Employee should be observed under the manager and should not be given any vital task of the organization (Woods, 2003). The performance of the organization would be affected negatively if employee Z performs unsupervised. Employee Z needs to also work upon controlling emotions and focus on being satisfied with the job rather than opting for unethical work practices. Other additional assessments that can be recommended for the employees are firstly the Employee Passion Survey. This survey would allow the organization to depict the level of passion that employees have for performing the job roles at the firm. The results of this survey would allow the organization to determine the needs of the employees, the level of passion persisting in the employee, the level of trust that needs to be build by the organization and employee for better productivity of the firm. The second assessment that can be conducted for the employees is the Team Alignment Survey. This survey would allow the organizations to determine the ability of the employees to work in teams and to what extent are the teams aligned in achieving the goals and objectives for the firm. Trust and alignment are two elements that need to be present for teams to become successful and perform successfully for the firm. Specifically employee X can take up assessments such as What’s my basic Personality? and How Involved I am in

Advantages of Supply chain management

Advantages of Supply chain management Explain the advantages and disadvantages of implementing a Supply Chain Management (SCM) system. The advantages and disadvantages of Nike implementing a supply chain management system include cost of buying and handling inventory, processing orders, and information systems support. Advantages of implementing a (SCM) by Nike By implementing the process of supply chain management, Nike will be able to set up networks and facilities that transforms raw material into products that will be delivered to customers. This will give Nike a huge advantage over their competitors by helping them use information more efficiently along the entire chain which can result in significant cost savings, it also helps regulate the movement of inventory coming in and going out of the organization, orders will be process much faster than formal times, and predictable delivery with updated information system. The networks in each level must handshake or interact to help connect suppliers to the Manufacturer, to the retailer then the finished product is delivery to the customer in just-in-time (JIT). Implementing supply chain management will enable Nike to be more effective and efficiency also transportation costs will be reduced, cost of inventories will be fair and inexpensive, increase number of capable suppliers, it maximizes the means of transmitting messages and information effectively within the organization and it will help Nike adapt to technology changes more quickly than before. SCM will also help Nike gain the buy-in of all key markets, increase supply chain speed and the bullwhip effect. Disadvantages Implementing Supply chains management in Nike had proven to be very difficult in the past, this is due to the problem cause by the I2 software which required significant customization to make compatible with Nikes legacy systems. Other downfalls of implementing supply chain management system is that it can become highly complex and dynamic in the short-run, switching cost are relatively high, increasing uncertainty, high competitive pressure urges, increase implementation costs. Developing a planning system that effectively coordinates information technology and people is a considerable challenge, changing market conditions, negotiating terms and conditions required huge amount of risk and forecasting. Describe the options for acquiring a SCM system with the advantages and disadvantages of each option. The first option for acquiring a SCM system is implementing an ERP Enterprise Recourse Planning System using the SAP software; ERP system can facilitate SCM Needed production planning and purchasing systems already in place. ERP integrates sales, order, inventory, manufacturer, and customer service activities. One advantage is that it allows sharing production plans along the supply chain to occur in real time and helps them determine whether to buy regionally, establish a collaborative team or appoint a global lead buyer. Other advantages of ERP include efficient business processes, inventory reduction, lead-time reduction, improved customer service, improved decision making, real-time insight into organization and higher profitability. The disadvantages are the combination of the people, procedure, hardware, software and data in the organization or problem in the operational, managerial, and strategic level of the organization. Inadequate or inconsistent data, mistakes in customer ID numbers, and bad customer service. The second option is implementing a Customer Relationship Management Systems. CRM supports the business process of attracting, selling, managing, delivering, and supporting customers. CRM addresses all activities and events related to customers in a single repository data about all customer interaction. CRM also stores all customer data in one place and make it possible to access all data about the customer. CRM will allow Nike to be more flexible, productive and efficient in handling customers private information. Flexibility ensures them to recognize manufacturing issues, to response to design changes requested by the marketplace. Nike will also be able to response to unexpected or uncertainty the company has and will provides the means to adjust to the consequences of inevitable risks, and reduce total costs. However, flexibility is costly, uncertain environments companies with highly flexible supply chains perform better than companies with less flexible supply chains while in ce rtain environments the opposite holds. The disadvantages or implementing CRM include system overload, turnover, inconsistence data, people and hardware and software. Outline the raw material inventory purchasing process from the identification of the need for an item to the supplier payment. To optimizing and regain control over control over production planning Nike must utilize the approach of raw material inventory purchasing process to help increase efficiency, increase lead times and to help increase the rate in which product is being delivered to the customer. When a customer demands for a product or item, the primary retailers sends an order for the product to the major raw material supplier which sends the raw material needed for the production of the product to the manufacturer, then the manufacturer outs all the components of the product together and sends it the distributor. The distributor in turn purchase the require items from the manufacturers, and then distributes the products to the retailer which then delivers the product to the end consumer. From the distributor point all the way back up the supply chain to the raw material suppliers there is no further injection of cash. The money you spend on the product or equipment is passed back up to the supply ch ain as payments for gods or raw material. Customer is the only source of revenue. By reducing numbers of suppliers and increasing efficiencies in the entire distribution chain, manufacturers are able to reduce raw materials inventory. Bennett,R..(2009). Trade Usage and Disclaiming Consequential Damages: The Implications for Just-in-Time Purchasing.American Business Law Journal,46(1),179. Retrieved April 21, 2010, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID:1665640451). Describe the potential pitfalls that may be encountered in implementing a SCM system. Along with the great advantages that come with switching to a supply chain management system there are some potential pitfalls that can cause money loss or confusion within the system. The system will be set up with a great deal of rigidity but must also leave room for some exceptions because things do not always run as smooth as they were planned out. The supply chain may not have the same information systems so incorporating the different systems and getting them to work together without confusion may be a hard thing to set up and cause orders to be messed up. The companies within the supply chain may also have different goals which could cause the companies ideals to clash causing different tasks to be taken with more urgency then others. The delivery dates may also not match from the supplier to the retailers causing wrong delivery dates being told to the customer. Customer service expectations may be different from company to company along the chain as well, causing different go als in quality and customer support for the product. Some companies will not have a sufficient information system to receive the information and relay back, which can cause more confusion in the system. Making sure that everyone along the way in the system is trained well enough to deal with any problems that may arise is a big help. Assuming a SCM system is purchased and customized; explain the major tasks that need to be completed in order to implement this system. The tasks should be presented in chronological order. If Nike were to introduce the SCM system they would need to start out with setting up a strategy that the companies can agree with to keep the system working smooth. Getting all the companies on the same page is the crucial first step to setting up a SCM system and will help the companies work together easily. Configuring the system to work with all the companies is the next step, getting compatible information systems or a way to enter the information into each information system is a key in keeping the companies joined in the system. Making sure the constraints of the systems and requirements are right for the use each company needs them for. Figuring out the locations for all the pieces of the system is the next step making sure they will work together to benefit the company and not cause more costs to the companies. Planning the source of resources and the resource requirements to set up and make the system functional is the next step in the process of setting up. Also making sur e that sufficient man power to make the system work properly is in place is very important to having a strong SCM system. Setting up the supply chain controls is the next step, and this consists of deciding which information to keep a watch on and the measurements needed to control the system. The performance of the system needs to be maintained and watched over so these evaluations of the system are important to keeping the system beneficial. The last step would be developing the internal and external relationships, keeping them working together. Identifying the systems needed to keep the information passed to each company is very important so the information doesnt get misinterpreted and orders get messed up. The key to smooth running SCM is communication between the different sectors of the system, if they all receive the right info and can reply back easily then everyone is kept up to date on the time periods. References He,Y.,andJ.Zhang.Random yield supply chain with a yield dependent secondary market.European Journal of Operational Research 206.1(2010):221.ABI/INFORM Global,ProQuest. Web. 21 Apr. 2010. http://proquest.umi.com.libdbauth.nait.ab.ca/pqdweb?did=2004689781sid=1Fmt=2clientId=58918RQT=309VName=PQD Frisk,M.,M.GÃ ¶the-Lundgren,K.JÃ ¶rnsten,andM.RÃ ¶nnqvist.Cost allocation in collaborative forest transportation.European Journal of Operational Research 205.2(2010):448.ABI/INFORM Global,ProQuest. Web. 22 Apr. 2010 http://proquest.umi.com.libdbauth.nait.ab.ca/pqdweb?did=1973809221sid=2Fmt=2clientId=58918RQT=309VName=PQD Su,Y.,andC.Yang.Why are enterprise resource planning systems indispensable to supply chain management?European Journal of Operational Research 203.1(2010):81.ABI/INFORM Global,ProQuest. Web. 22 Apr. 2010.http://proquest.umi.com.libdbauth.nait.ab.ca/pqdweb?did=1897588531sid=7Fmt=2clientId=58918RQT=309VName=PQD Suresh Subramoniam,Mohamed Tounsi,andK V Krishnankutty.The role of BPR in the implementation of ERP systems.Business Process Management Journal 15.5(2009):653.ABI/INFORM Global,ProQuest. Web. 14 Apr. 2010. http://proquest.umi.com.libdbauth.nait.ab.ca/pqdweb?did=1964591951sid=1Fmt=2clientId=58918RQT=309VName=PQD Bennett,R..(2009). Trade Usage and Disclaiming Consequential Damages: The Implications for Just-in-Time Purchasing.American Business Law Journal,46(1),179. Retrieved April 21, 2010, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID:1665640451). http://proquest.umi.com.libdbauth.nait.ab.ca/pqdweb?did=1665640451sid=12Fmt=2clientId=58918RQT=309VName=PQD

Dangerous Dogs

Exercise A Dangerous dogs 1. Give an outline of the various views on dangerous dogs presented in text 1, 2 and 3. There are different opinions in the three texts. In text 1, â€Å"Police bask new law on killer dogs† by Jamie Doward, the police officer, Bernard Hogan-Howe has demanded a change to the law on dangerous dogs so children are better protected and so the new rules will target the owners of dangerous dogs, rather than the animals themselves. That happens after five-year-old Ellie Lawrenson was mauled by a pit bull and died.Four breeds were banned as followed by the 1991 Dangerous Dogs Act. That led to hundreds of people handing in their dogs to the police in the Merseyside area, because they were afraid they might be prosecuted. Bernard Hogan-Howe says that there are now 200 fewer illegal dogs in Merseyside. In text 2, â€Å"Jail owners of killer dogs† by Victoria Stilwell has another view. She is against breed-specific legislation. She means that you should fa ce jail if your dog kills someone, and it is time owners take responsibility when they mix kids and pets.The death of 13-month-old Archie-Lee Hirst – mauled by his family’s rottweiler – has started a tighter control on dangerous dogs. But Victoria Stilwell says that people should not start thinking that all rottweilers are killers, because they certainly are not. Instead she recommend people to consider which breed that fit into their home, and not to buy a dog on the net or from a backyard breeder. In text 3, â€Å"If the dog is dangerous, the owner will be, too† by Simon Heffer, Simon Heffer himself means that the Dangerous Dogs Act is a pointless piece of legislation, because many pit bulls are still to be found.He also writes that the owner of the dog, who killed five-year-old Ellie Lawrenson, Kiel Simpson was a drug dealer and was jailed for possessing 44Ib of cannabis. Simon Heffer thinks that this underlines that if you meet a dangerous dog, a dang erous human is not far away. Both Jamie Doward and Simon Heffer find a change in the legislation necessary after a pit bull mauled five-year-old Ellie Lawrenson. They both blame the owners to the dogs and see it as a big problem that irresponsible people has it bulls. Victoria Stilwell is opposite the to men against breed-specific legislation. She also blame the owners and says â€Å"you would not leave your baby alone with a stranger – so why a dog†? 2. Characterize the tone used by Simon Heffer in text 3. Illustrate your answer with examples from the text. Simon Heffer uses a readable language and do already catch the reader in the headline. Simon Heffer use a little Ethos and a little pathos when he writes about dangerous dogs and their owners.He explains his points in shortly sentence and he is easy to understand; â€Å"(†¦) 1057 of these repulsive animals are â€Å"legally† owned in this country†¦Ã¢â‚¬  After reading the text we can see that Sim on Heffer is very subjective when he writes about the owners of dogs; not only the owner in the Story of Ellie Lawrenson, but every owner of a dog; â€Å"And it underlines the point that wherever one finds a dangerous dog, there is normally a dangerous human lurking not far away†. It is like he also indicates that he find it more necessary to take control of all the dangerous human, like drug dealers (Kiel Simpson) and so on.

Impact of Mobiles on Youth Essay

Globalization has many aspects. It contains important discursive aspects in the form of ideologically charged narratives that put before the public a particular agenda of topics for discussion, question to ask and claims to make. The whole world is accepting and adopting the ways towards the advancement of technology. The youth is playing a vital role in this rapid pace. The strong and mighty cultures are toppling the frail ones. Unfortunately the countries like Pakistan, India and Bangladesh have strong cultural values, norms and customs that are easily fettered by the western cultural onslaught. Our youth is concentrating on some bad choices. In this global village, firstly our youth was allured to divert their attention towards the internet. They have changed a lot by the usage of internet. A few of them have inclined for knowledge, information, awareness and exposure but the majority of them appear to have misused the internet. To some extent, people were done up and vexed with internet but due to the ensconsment of cellular technology all gaps have been bridged for the destruction of youth. The telecommunication companies in our country have been inclined towards introducing new and attractive packages for youth like Mobilink (ladies first, happy hours), Warid (zem series), Ufone (public demand, prepay life panch ka pandra, u circle) Telenor (talkshawk Aone, djuice) and Zong’s life package. The question arises why these companies are introducing these packages without the social mobilization to check the mindset of the youth. Are they trying to facilitate the common man or only youth? I think except on very urgent occasions ordinarily no one would like to talk after midnight. All necessary and normal interactions can be dealt with during daytime but the companies offer the packages that start after end of family or business communication. My feeling is that these packages are more likely to spoil and ravage our youth than to do anything else. In our youth segment the majority is student community that is spell bounded by these packages. They are losing the essence of their profession/studies. They are derailing and deviating themselves. They are getting away from their goals, destinies and motives. Their minds are becoming stagnant and static. Creativity and innovation is blocked by the consistent telephonic conversations spread over the whole of night. They are losing their interest towards the interactions and sociality. Alienation is increasing within small community or groups of people. In one room four roommates are strangers to one another. They never try to tie up the relation because they don’t have a pinch of time. By talking whole night with opposite sex, they are getting psychologically weak and pressured. There are many other physical distortions also arising due to spending the precious time which is needed compulsory rest, relaxation, relief and mental health. Due to spending whole nights the absenteeism is skyrocketing in every profession. They are going far and far away from the hold of families. They tell lies and have false communication with their parents. They are betraying the decisions, trust and expectations of their parents. They are traveling towards the lone parent family system in which one is not accountable to anyone and he is the only decision maker. Such kind of behavior is leading towards the social fragmentation and terrible decline of moral values in which respect is core one. They are crossing the restraints and limitations, very essential for the well integrated society. Due to the bogus projection of the companies their effectiveness and determination is diminishing if we put a furtive glimpse on the chart of protests and rallies conducted against the negative policies, the ratio of youth’ contribution is at minor level and seems vanished because they have engrossed in making affairs and spending their potential and energy to locate the suitable packages. Their mental approach is revolving around sexual satisfaction. Other emotions and sentiments are pushed oblivion, there are forgetting that there are so many matters that need their kind attention. They have obsessed devoid of manners and healthy attitude to other requisites and needs. It is obliterating the mental capacity and concentration of the youth like plague. There is a critical and pathetic state prevailing over the sky of our nation. The whole nation is passing through the chaos, disturbance and mental incapacitation. We are not realizing that what is worth of our youth? That’s why we ourselves are paving the way for our youth towards the devastation and shoving them into fire. The mobile companies have every right to work out innovative packages offering greater value of money to their customers. But they should not making profits by compromising on the interests of the young generation.

Painting the Black essays

Painting the Black essays This book is called Painting the Black. It is about a senior boy name Ryan who likes to play baseball. In this book, he will face many problems ahead of his life during senior year in high school. He will encounter problems that might effect his baseball year and friendship too. He is very The structure of this book is a vertical. Ryan deals with problems when he broke his ankle and couldnt play baseball anymore but his friend Josh who just moved in the house helped him out and taught him how to play baseball again. Then after that, Josh join the football team and he was a popular football player and Josh didnt bother talking to Ryan. Then Josh was mad at a girl name Monica Roby and as a joke he rape her with a wolf mask on so she wouldnt notice but Ryan saw what happen and knew whose mask that was. Josh knew that Ryan knew and told him not to tell anyone but everyone was asking him who did it like his parents, the principal, Mr. Roby, Mrs. Roby, and Detective Langford. As Ryan try to do the right thing some This was a Man vs. Society conflict. Ryan knew if he told on Josh of what happen at the time Monica Roby was being rape then the whole baseball team would hate him. Another one was when he was up batting earlier in the book he kept on thinking if he miss than the people will start hating him because he lose the game. Ryan wanted to be a popular kid but he couldnt play well in baseball because of his ankle. He finally work it out and started improving his ankle by doing push ups and lifting weights. He wanted to show the school how good he is in baseball as a catcher. Another one was when Monica was rape everyone started to ask him who rape her but he didnt want answer but then one day he answer and said Josh did it. It got everyone mad in the baseball team and they lose the game. ...

Northern Renaissance of European Art

Northern Renaissance of European Art When we talk about the Northern Renaissance, what we mean is Renaissance happenings that occurred within Europe, but outside of Italy. Because the most innovative art was created in France, the Netherlands, and Germany during this time, and because all of these places are north of Italy, the Northern tag has stuck. Geography aside, there were some significant differences between the Italian Renaissance and the Northern Renaissance. For one thing, the north held on to Gothic (or Middle Ages) art and architecture with a tighter, longer grip than did Italy. (Architecture, in particular, remained Gothic until well into the 16th century) This isnt to say that art wasnt changing in the north - in many instances, it kept apace with Italian doings. The Northern Renaissance artists, however, were scattered about and few initially (very unlike their Italian counterparts). The north had fewer centers of free commerce than did Italy. Italy, as we saw, had numerous Duchies and Republics which gave rise to a wealthy merchant class that often spent considerable funds on art. This wasnt the case in the north. The only notable similarity between northern Europe and, say, a place like Florence, lay in the Duchy of Burgundy. Burgundys Role in the Renaissance Burgundy, until 1477, encompassed a territory from present-day middle France northward (in an arc) to the sea, and included Flanders (in modern Belgium) and parts of the current Netherlands. It was the only individual entity standing between France and the enormous Holy Roman Empire. Its Dukes, during the last 100 years it existed, were given monikers of the Good, the Fearless and the Bold. Although apparently, the last Bold Duke wasnt quite bold enough, as Burgundy was absorbed by both France and the Holy Roman Empire at the end of his reign. The Burgundian Dukes were excellent patrons of the arts, but the art they sponsored was different from that of their Italian counterparts. Their interests were along the lines of illuminated manuscripts, tapestries, and furnishings. Things were different in Italy, where patrons were more keen on paintings, sculpture, and architecture. In the broader scheme of things, the social changes in Italy were inspired, as weve seen, by Humanism. Italian artists, writers, and philosophers were driven to study Classical antiquity and explore mans supposed capacity for rational choice. They believed that Humanism led to more dignified and worthy humans. In the north, possibly in part because the north did not have works of antiquity from which to learn, the change was brought about by a different rationale. Thinking minds in the north were more concerned with religious reform, feeling that Rome, from whom they were physically distanced, had strayed too far from Christian values. In fact, as northern Europe became more openly rebellious over the authority of the Church, art took a decidedly secular turn. Additionally, Renaissance artists in the north took a different approach to composition than did Italian artists. Where an Italian artist was apt to consider scientific principles behind composition (i.e., proportion, anatomy, perspective) during the Renaissance, northern artists were more concerned with what their art looked like. Color was of key importance, above and beyond form. And the more detail a northern artist could cram into a piece, the happier he was. Close inspection of Northern Renaissance paintings will show the viewer numerous instances where individual hairs have been carefully rendered, along with every single object in the room including the artist himself, distantly inverted in a background mirror. Different Materials Used by Different Artists Finally, its important to note that northern Europe enjoyed different geophysical conditions than did most of Italy. For example, there are lots of stained glass windows in northern Europe partly for the practical reason that people living there have more need for barriers against the elements. Italy, during the Renaissance, produced some fabulous egg tempera paintings and frescoes, along with glorious marble statuary. Theres an excellent reason the north isnt known for its frescoes: The climate isnt conducive to curing them. Italy produced marble sculptures because it has marble quarries. Youll note that Northern Renaissance sculpture is, by and large, worked in wood.   Similarities Between the Northern and Italian Renaissances Until 1517, when Martin Luther lit the wildfire of Reformation, both places shared a common faith. Its interesting to note that what we now think of as Europe didnt think of  itself  as Europe, back during  Renaissance  days. If you had had the opportunity, at the time, to ask a European traveler in the Middle East or Africa where he hailed from, he likely would have answered Christendom regardless of whether he was from Florence or Flanders. Beyond providing a unifying presence, the Church supplied all artists of the period with a common subject matter. The earliest beginnings of northern Renaissance art are eerily similar to the Italian  Proto-Renaissance, in that each chose Christian religious stories and figures as the predominant artistic theme. The Importance of Guilds Another common factor that Italy and the rest of Europe shared during the Renaissance was the Guild system. Arising during the Middle Ages, Guilds were the best paths a man could take to learning a craft, be it painting, sculpture or making saddles. Training in any specialty was long, rigorous and comprised of sequential steps. Even after one completed a masterpiece, and gained acceptance into a Guild, the Guild continued to keep tabs on standards and practices amongst its members. Thanks to this self-policing policy, most of the money exchanging hands, when works of art were commissioned and paid for, went to Guild members. (As you might imagine, it was to an artists financial benefit to belong to a Guild.) If possible, the Guild system was even more entrenched in northern Europe than it was in Italy. After 1450, both Italy and northern Europe had access to printed materials. Though subject matter might vary from region to region, often it was the same, or similar enough to establish commonality of thought. Finally, one significant similarity that Italy and the North shared was that each had a  definite artistic center during the 15th century. In Italy, as previously mentioned, artists looked to the Republic of Florence for innovation and inspiration. In the North, the artistic hub was Flanders. Flanders was a part, back then, of the Duchy of Burgundy. It had a thriving commercial city, Bruges, which (like Florence) made its money in banking and wool. Bruges had cash aplenty to spend on luxuries like art. And (again like Florence) Burgundy, on the whole, was governed by patronage-minded rulers. Where Florence had the Medici, Burgundy had Dukes. At least until the last quarter of the 15th century, that is. Chronology of the Northern Renaissance In Burgundy, the Northern Renaissance got its start primarily in the graphic arts. Beginning in the 14th-century, an artist could make a good living if he was proficient in producing  illuminated manuscripts.   The late 14th and early 15th centuries saw illumination take off and,  in some cases, take  over  entire pages. Instead of relatively sedate red capital letters, we now saw whole paintings crowding manuscript pages right out to the borders. The French Royals, in particular, were avid collectors of these manuscripts, which became so popular that text was rendered largely unimportant. The Northern Renaissance artist who is largely credited with developing oil techniques was Jan van Eyck, court painter to the Duke of Burgundy. Its not that he discovered oil paints, but he did figure out how to layer them, in glazes, to create light and depth of color in his paintings. The Flemish van Eyck, his brother Hubert, and their Netherlandish predecessor Robert Campin (also known as the Master of Flà ©malle) were all painters who created altarpieces in the first half of the fifteenth century. Three other key Netherlandish artists were the painters Rogier van der Weyden and Hans Memling, and the sculptor Claus Sluter. Van der Weyden, who was the town painter of Brussels, was best known for introducing accurate human emotions and gestures into his work, which was primarily of a religious nature. One other early Northern Renaissance artist that created a lasting stir was the enigmatic Hieronymus Bosch. No one can say what his motivation was, but he certainly created some darkly imaginative and highly unique paintings. Something that all of these painters had in common was their use of naturalistic objects within compositions. Sometimes these objects had symbolic meanings, while at other times they were just there to illustrate aspects of daily life. In taking in the 15th century, its important to note that Flanders was the center of  the Northern Renaissance. Just as with Florence, at this same time, Flanders was the place that northern artists looked to for cutting edge artistic techniques and technology. This situation persisted until 1477 when the last Burgundian Duke was defeated in battle, and Burgundy ceased to exist.

A Case Study on Loctite Corporation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Case Study on Loctite Corporation - Essay Example There were two types of sales. Industrial and Permatix; out of two industrial subgroups one group sold directly to OEM and other one to MRO through distributors. OEM sales were for long duration however MRO sales were immediate. Permatix supplies were sold through chain of wholesalers and retailers through direct contact. In 1991, company was among best ones in terms of its market share and earning per share growth. The sales decreased in 1992 due to geographical territories. Within Mexican city limits sales were easily handled but for sales outside territories there was a major problem in fact loss in form of efforts such as time and money of sales people. Thus company experienced not only decrease in sales but also a major increase in turnover rate. As already mentioned that company suffered loss in 1992 due to decrease in sales and employee retention rate. So here it is understood that its actual output is not according to required standards. Hence the need is to implement effective control system to address discrepancies. Thus looking at the demands of industry and Mexican environment following are some of the important and unique suggestions for Jose Monteiro to regain market share and resolve other problems by implementing an effective control system. LOCTITE’S EFFECTIVENESS The initial activity which Jose Monteiro can follow is to observe how much effective the ‘Loctite’ is. For this purpose he needs to check that whether goals are attained or not. At present goals are not attained due to the reasons stated above. So Loctite is not effectively performing. To enhance its effectiveness in order to fill performance gap for goals achievement each and every aspect need to be considered to increase performanc e. Some most common aspects that need attention are mentioned below; 1. Jose can focus on effective planning thus stating goals appropriately and chalking out plans to achieve them. As according to research based on US organizations those firms were successful in adopting technology who focused on efficient planning techniques (Small and Yasin, 1997). Not the emphasis should be on extensive planning but also implementation of those plans must be prioritized. Most importantly, continuous improvement procedures can be implemented to control each and every step so that final outcome can be error free. 2. Mexicans never compromise their status they are very much conscious about it. As it is mentioned that the employees or sales people were earning attractive commissions but 75 percent of them have not earned any commission during the first half of the year 1992. Many of them also compromised their commissions for outside territory sales. As rewards and compensation is the major factor t hat organizations need to consider to satisfy their workforce. So Loctite authorities should design compensation policies in such a manner that even if there are no sales due to some poor and tough conditions the sales people should be paid up to certain percentage. This is because company is facing turnover problem. For it there is need to attract workforce which can be only possible if pay scales and job incentives are attractive. 3. Mexican organizations always adopt changes as they are serious in terms of business matters. If Loctite will be adaptive to changes it will able to overcome the loss

Economic Relations between Korea and China Essay

Economic Relations between Korea and China - Essay Example For centuries, China stood as a leading country, easily outpacing other countries in the arts and sciences. In the 19th century and early 20th centuries, however, China was overwhelmed by civil unrest, major famines, military defeats, and foreign occupation. It seemed like China would never catch up with the Western developed countries economically, but after the 1978 reform period, Deng Xiaoping, a hero of China, focused on market-oriented economic development and by 2000 output had quadrupled.There is no doubt that China has had tremendous effect on Korea economically, politically and culturally since early days of Korea due to proximity and Korean speaking ethic minorities living in China. We must not fail to indicate here that Korea here refers to both North and South Korea. Both of these republics have trade relations with China. South Korea and China normalized diplomatic and economic relations in 1992 and North Korea did so round about the same time.Although the relationship b etween Korea and China had ceased during the Cold War, the reestablishment of diplomatic relations had led to a surprisingly rapid growth of bilateral exchanges. Statistics show that Korean Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to China has increased at very fast rate and continuous to increase as China has become the second most viable destination for investment after the United States. The development of economic relations between South Korea and China over the past decade has been dramatic... numbers, direct bilateral trade between Korea and the PRC has gone from $4.4 billion in 1991, the year before the normalization of relations, to $41.1 billion in 2002 and has already reached $39.8 billion in just the first three quarters of 2003."2China's entry into the WTO had caused them to grow quite rapidly. The recent brisk exports from Korea to China have also been a key factor in the economic growth of China. This growth had caused demand for electrical equipment, semi-conductors and communication equipments which are the main exports of Korea. For an example, North Korea's trade volume hit a new record in 2004, approaching $1.38 billion. North Korea's exports to China topped $582 million, up 47.2 percent compared with 2003. Imports totaled $795 million, up 26.5 percent from the preceding year. North Korea's total trade volume for 2005 reached nearly $2.9 billion. 3 This increase in North Korea's exports to China can be attributed to the increase in exports of crabs, fish, and shellfish; metal products; and textile goods. It is also interesting to note that the North's increase in imports from China is mainly attributed to the increase in the import of energy elements such as crude oil and foods such as frozen pork. Imports of different types of grains like rice and wheat are also noticeable.According to L. Gordon Flake, Executive Director, Mike and Maureen Mansfield foundation, "Korea's imports from China are currently undergoing a structural transformation. China has begun to manufacture electronic components because China is undergoing rapid industrialization. It means that both Korea and China are entering into a highly a competitive market with regard to electrical equipments. This bilateral economic exchange between China and Korea can create